Based on Epistomological research- Are law enforcement cameras an Research Paper

Based on Epistomological - Are law enforcement cameras an invasion of privacy - Research Paper ExampleThis paper aims to show that the workout of law enforcement cameras is an invasion of privacy, a f morsel that should be taken into consideration by legislators and policy makers internationally. academic literature produce on this issue is used for supporting the above argument. At the same time, reports published by organizations in common law countries, i.e. UK, USA and Canada, are presented so that any conclusion is fully justified. The legal implications of law enforcement cameras have been extensively explored in the academic literature. A series of studies have been chosen for supporting this papers thesis that the use of law enforcement cameras should be considered as an invasion of privacy. Froomkin (2000) explains that unappealing Circuit Television (CCTV) cameras and video recorders are broadly used for monitoring humans spaces (Froomkin 1577). Reference is do to th ese cameras expansion in UK as a result of the countrys need to secure the safeguard of its citizen by IRAs terrorist attacks (Froomkin 1577). ... regard to the existing privacy laws b) the First Amendment that refers to the freedom of association (Froomkin 1506) sack up be used for setting borders to the expansion of these cameras in public spaces. Referring specifically to the English law of privacy, churchman Walker (2010) notes that the tort of invasion of privacy in UK is rather recent (Walker 1) in fact, the initial annexe to the violation of privacy, as a tort, in the English courts can be identified in the face Douglas v Hello in 2000 (Walker 2). The above decision reflects the alignment of the British legislation, especially of the Human Rights accomplishment of 1998, with the European Convention on Human Rights (Walker 2), where the right of each individual to respect for his private and family tone (article 8) is clearly set. At the next level, the Human Rights Act of 1998 notes that it is not allowed to public authorities to proceed to initiatives that snipe the right of individuals to privacy, as this right is secured by the European Convention (Walker 2). It is made clear though that the cost of the Convention for privacy may be violated if it is not possible for public authorities to act in a several(predicate) way (Walker 2). According to the above, the use of law enforcement cameras can be characterized as a violation to the Conventions orders because of the following the public authorities may use different tools for controlling public spaces the use of security guards could be a potential alternative for protecting public spaces without violating the right to privacy. Taylor (2002) also claims that the use of CCTV cameras can be considered as opposed to the article 8 of the European Convention it is suggested that the use of these cameras is appropriately regulated so that the

Food and Agriculture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Food and Agriculture - Essay fashion modelFood can stay for extremely lengthy time before going bad by using methods such as canning and silos for storing grains. These methods make plants and animals to be pest and disease resistance, herbicide, cold and drought tolerance.However, nigh of these acts are very dangerous in human lives given that environment is largely polluted with the grass and the grains that these animals feed on. Study shows that chemicals used in genetically modified nutriment enhance death rate rate in many species of insect larvae. Increase use of fertilizers in planting crops leads to addition of pleonastic chemicals in the soil thus causing danger to organisms living under the soil. Overusing underground water disadvantageously increases salinity in the soil (Pirro 2010).Although, the issue of food supply has sturdily been taken care of, the robust food gradually kills us. Countless children have developed allergies to the genetically modified food bo th in America and worldwide. Various diseases and disorders such as obesity, cancer, and diabetes have risen due to consumption of these foods that seem vigorous in our own eyes yet are full of hormones and chemicals. The traditional way of growing food and rearing animals is the only sure solution to the American food problems (Pirro

Mangement of the arts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mangement of the arts - Essay Example neighborhood, an Italian eatery situated in Montpelier Street, Knightsbridge, London, is a good generator example. Area is owned by a man from south Italy called Franchisco. The business was started fourteen years past as a small regular restaurant. It drew customers from the lower and middle socio-economic backgrounds. With time, people from good socio-economic backgrounds began to find out the restaurant. This included wealthy people and famous football players for example Chelseas Frank Lampard and Arsenals Sagna among other footballers.The new wealthy good pool of customers made Franchisco to think of a way to arouse his low financial status. To achieve this, he increased the prices of food, beverages and drinks served at the restaurant by 50%-100%. This created the imprint of quality. As a result of this, the restaurant curled many richer customers mainly Arabic. According to Pinson and Jinnett (1996), entrepreneurs must track the in volve and preferences of their customers so as to satisfy and retain them. It is from this perspective that Franchisco created an Arabian atmosphere in and outside the restaurant in order to maintain the large pool of Arabian customers. He made Arabian designs of unhomogeneous features in the restaurant and played Arabic music.Changing the atmosphere to Arabic made the business attract more Arabian customers. Sheesha is offered outside the restaurant until 11pm. This is an Arab custom in which flavored tobacco is smoked use shisha pipes. This created a good social atmosphere for lovers of sheesha. Customers express their love and appreciation for Area by pinning or placing different currency notes on its walls or on a board. Franchisco choose Area as the name his business because it is a neutral term. This has allowed the business to attract people from all cultural backgrounds.Sheesha is strictly offered outside the restaurant. This is because smoking in all public

Piracy in Somalia Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Piracy in Somalia - Term Paper ExampleThese pirates catch hold of the ships and take the travellers and junto as hostage. Subsequently they start asking for huge sums of money from the ship owners or the respective governments. close to such major incidents taking place in the recent past includeOn eighth April 2009, the Maersk Alabama, a US container ship carrying food aid for Somalis, was attacked in the Indian Ocean. After some negotiations, the pirates permit go the crew but held the ships captain as hostage in one of the lifeboat on the highschool seas. Subsequently, the captain was rescued in a daring attack by US Navy on 12th April, killing all the hostages. This was said to be the first instance of holding a US captain as hostage (Sheikh and Gu conduct, 2009).Some months back, Somali Pirates caught hold of MV Faina, on 23rd September 2008. A Ukrainian ship loaded with tanks and antiaircraft guns was held by these pirates for about five months and released it precisely o n sixth February after receiving the ransom amount (Jones and McGreal, 2009). Since the ship was loaded with explosive material bound for Kenya, six US warships kept a continuous vigil on the warship to ensure that these arms are not siphoned off elsewhere.Somali pirates seized MV Sirius Star, a 300,000-ton, 1,000-foot-long Saudi oil tanker on 18th November 2008 and released it only after more than a month. MV Sirius Star is stated to the largest ship invariably held hostage by sea-pirates. Loaded with more than two million barrels of oil worth $100m the ship was set gratuitous only after a ransom amount of $3 million was dropped on the ship with a parachute (NBC, 2009).Though we are just into the fourth month of the year 2009, but in that location have been more than 66 such attacks already by the Pirates (McCrummen and DeYoung, 2009). The manner in which these pirates are commensurate to extract big money from the corporate world seems to suggest that it is one of the most th riving things ever happened to Somalia. After extracting money from the ships, these pirates go on partying and enjoying for many days, which in turn must have been fate the Somali economy. This raises the good mind about the manner in which such practices are in a way being encouraged form within Somalia.After knowing about such acts of dread from these bandits on Somali waters, one would be tempted to think about ways and means to counter such heinous acts. No civil society would encourage such actions. But, in case of Somalia, things do not appear as straight and simple. There are people, especially from Somalia who think that these pirates are resorting to such acts of plagiarism in retaliation to what they have suffered all this while at the hand of European and Western nations. This raises the ethical questions as to why these pirates are being encouraged by the civil society. To find an answer to this question we will have to take a look at the recent past.Somalia has be en at war with itself, particularly during the late 1980s and 1990s. The country was ruled by Mohamed Siad Barre, with an iron hand from 1969 to 1991. As public fretfulness started growing against this dictator, he was thrown out of power in 1991 and thereafter the country went into lawlessness. Though UN led forces remained in Somalia for some time after that, but with the increasing incidents of a

Improving Life in the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Improving Life in the United States - Essay congressmanOne of the major concerns of America today is the growing number of obese quite a little. Children are not exempted from much(prenominal) and this calls more attention to how American families are raising their children. Doctors and researchers all agree that American diet beat drastically changed, relying on easy to prepare foods or the readily available victuals from fast foods. They are now promoting changes in how Americans eat, going back to how our ancestors, decades ago, ate. On a parallel, as this problem is being resolved, identical attention is solicited to a much wider scope of concern. The fruit and consumption of local distantm products is advertized at a higher level because of its effect on the various aspects of American living. First, from health advocates who suggest that home- gravid fruits and vegetables are far healthier because they are topically available while they are still fresh, with more nutrie nts as compared to merchandise products that have undergone various stages of preservation. Secondly, by environmentalists who suggest that local production and consumption lead create a tight-knit interconnection between producers and consumers, enabling accountability between them (Morris, 641). Such a situation will create awareness about how the products are produced and transported and therefore will demand high standards of maintaining quality function from farmers and producers. Such awareness in turn, will help consumers appreciate the efforts of farmers and producers. Thirdly, from economists who argue that buying locally grown food is not only good for local economy but on a world-wide level as well. Although there are beliefs that local production will kill developing countries economies disrupticularly those who rely on exportation for their economic growth, Morris says otherwise. To prove his point, he cites CARE, a non-profit organization that works to vex globa l poverty which refused to accept tens of millions of dollars in federal money for food aid in Africa, debate that such help undercuts farmers, making their situation worse and not better. He thus suggests that local production to make Africa self-sufficient is rather the solution to their problem and not reliance on exportation or help extended by successful countries (642). The environmentalists perspective mentioned earlier reflects in part the argument of Al Gore in his Nobel Lecture in 2007. He informed the American people that on the day he delivered his lecture, 70 million tons of global-warming pollution has been dumped and a larger come in will be dumped again the next day (721). If such an increase has been constantly growing for the agone five years, imagine how large both American producers and consumers contributed to such pollution. The lack of accountability and awareness in the production and consumption of imported goods surely is a great f encounteror to this glo bal crisis. Therefore, in resolution to Al Gores call for the Americans to forge a united effort, with great individual involvement, everyone should break aware of this impending crisis that might dim the future of the next generation. Being accountable, this generation should act and, act quickly, together (724). The modern American lifestyle has improved a lot when one evaluates on the origination of technological advancements. However, there is no denying that such achievements have destructive consequences not only individually and locally but also globally. The fast-paced modern

Agency theory linked to management accounting Essay

Agency theory linked to management accounting - Essay ExampleThe behavioral premise of the innovative financial-economic theory is based contradict to the thoughts of trustiness, faithfulness, loyalty, stewardship, and care for others that motivate the conventional lede-agent knowledge. The conventional introduction of agency is established on ethical measures. But the theory in the conventional sense is non possible as human beings are rational maximizers. Duska (1992) elucidates as To do mostthing for another in a system geared to maximize self-interest is foolish. Such an answer, though, points out an inconsistency at the heart of the system, for a system that has rules requiring agents to look out for others while encouraging souls to look out only for themselves, destroys the practice of face out for othersAnother point of view is that as individual rewards are openly connected to individual venture efficiency than collective rewards coachs prefer individual motivation allocation (Hayes, 1976).Agency theory accepts that employees and employers have respective(a) ends, behave in a self-interested way, and are eager to presume altering points of risk. In this paper, a review of how incentive remuneration proposes can friend create a commonality of interest between the both groups is examined.The agency theory presumes that the agent and the principal are self-interested and try to make the most of their gains in their relationship. A simple instance is the case of a store manager who acts as an agent of the owner. The store manager desires for as much rewards for his work as possible that too for as little work as feasible. But at the same time the store owner would look for the manager to work the maximum for a very little pay as possible. This premise drops the themes of honesty and commitment from the agency association as their inappropriateness with the basic theory of balanced maximization. According to DeGeorge (1992) The job of agency theory is to help devise techniques for describing the conflict inherent in the principal-agent relationship and controlling the situations so that the agent, acting out of self-interest, does as little harm as possible to the principals interest.In reality management accounting consider has an extended past of researching how incentives sway behaviour (Luft & Shields 2003 Bonner & Sprinkle 2002 and Young & Lewis 1995).Organisations have from a very great time made use of incentives as a means for adjusting the involvements of managers and of employees with the interests of the firm and its shareholders. For instance, in the 1980s, CEO Roger metalworker brought in operation dependent pay to the line workers at GM. Thus when GM was doing swell up, the workers also was doing well (Business Week, 1900). One primary anxiety for managers who want to stimulate their workers is how to allocate financial motivators among team members(Ramaswami & Singh, 2003). Particularly, managers have to be on, amid other things, (1) How much contingent dependent remuneration should be(2) How financial inducements should be allotted among the workers.The manduction of performance payoffs is mainly motivating and brings forth much academic dispute about suitable apportionment rules (Meindl, 1989). Incentive PlansPerformance plans extend the managers verdict sphere by rewarding them on the attainment of some accounting-based events over a period running from three to six years instead of current yearly performance (Kumar and Sopariwala, 1992 Enis, 1993). Actually plans based on performance are of two types performance unit plan or performance share plan. Healy & Wahlen (1999) stated that market anticipations, management reward and rigid interference were the principal components attractive earnings management. Fields et al (2001, p. 260) states that when managers exercise their discretion over the accounting numbers with or without restrictions. In reality managers or agents are motivated to maximise the firms value

Leading a Multicultural Team through a Change Process Research Paper

Leading a Multicultural Team through a Change Process - Research Paper ExampleThis research will begin with the statement that multicultural teams fix become a common occurrence in the recent times and with the ease of cross-border mobility that is be experienced, people move from one country to another in rates that are increasing. This has developed intermarriages among the people that come from different cultural backgrounds where the children born grow up in different countries and have cultural identities that can be perceived to be a hybrid. Globalization and internationalization, as well as improvements in the transport and communication industry, have decreased the trade restrictions that traditionally existed which have increased interaction among people. There is a significant increase in the number of multicultural teams in organizations these days, which has to lead to the young international literature identifying that the management of the cultural teams is an impo rtant attribute of human resource management. Studies have order their attention on the positive effects of employing multicultural teams are utilized since they are seen to be much efficient than the mono-culture teams in the situations that need more than a single skill and judgment. Leadership in the organizational work teams has developed to become one of the most common and quickly growing areas of the leadership surmisal and research where a group of a particular type that is composed of members who depend on each(prenominal) other and have mutual goals who must coordinate their activities to accomplish the tasks at hand.

Research topic related to intelligence collection Paper

Topic related to comprehension collection - Research Paper ExampleProper intelligence is an inevitable component of the defense corpse of all governments in the world to evaluate the threat by external as well as internal elements and to protect their countries from exposure to attacks by terrorists. In this context, the development of technology is a crucial component for enabling nations to monitor and exercise surveillance over the activities of various organizations that sponsor and promote terrorism and some other subversive activities. Intelligence collection is a process of collection, processing, integration, evaluation, analysis and interpretation of available information concerning impertinent nations, hostile or potentially hostile forces or elements or areas of actual or potential trading operations (Forcese 2011, 181). For obtaining such intelligence and to ensure the safety of their citizens, countries deploy modern technology. The effective collection of intellige nce by the US government through Unmanned Aircraft System has enabled the country to attain a high level of operational success in the global war on terror.Human history, right from its initial comprise has evidenced the use of human intelligence for the purpose of obtaining the movements of their enemies for preparing for offensive tactics in wars. Similarly, in lay to fight terrorism, countries also need to collect intelligence on various terrorist organizations and evaluate their strategies for offensives to properly foresee the problem of terrorism. In his message to war fighters, Joseph Reynes Jr., Major General USAF, states that proper surveillance can serve the prediction of an adversarys behavior and the formulation and execution of preemptive activities to deter or rule out offensive attempts by such adversaries (Commanders Handbook for Persistent Surveillance 2011). This handbook has been developed with an goal to provide an overview of the present systems of surveil lance as well as discusses future needs for

Compare and contrast Jade Snow Wong and Richard Rodriguez as learners Essay

oppose and contrast cloy Snow Wong and Ric unstated Rodriguez as learners and users of twain languages(chinese vs spanish) - Essay ExampleThere are distinguishable ways that fornicatress Snow Wong and Richard Rodriguez have erudite assorted languages (Chinese and Spanish) in shaping their relationships and world view. This is manifested in their books Fifth Chinese Daughter by Jade Snow Wong and Hunger of Memory-Aria by Richard Rodriguez (Gudykunst). It is essential to retrieve that both authors grew up in foreign lands from their original nations. For example, Richard Rodriquez narrates his experiences in Sacramento, California, in family that only when spoke Spanish. During this arrest of growing up, the young Rodriguez experiences several setbacks caused by language because he had a Mexican history that is different from that of his new place (Gudykunst 66). The author notes that he attends a Catholic school in Sacramento that speaks only English thus causing a languag e barrier for his young life. In other words, the writer implies that he got inculcated into a horticulture that was different from one he had witnessed in his childhood. On the other hand, Jade Snow Wong speaking in the third person aspect in her book The Fifth Chinese Daughter observes that she came from a conservative family in San Francisco. The author notes that their first generation family was poor with a destiny of discrimination upon girls being a part of the culture. In that aspect, there are tales of domination of the female by the male in the family of Jade Snow Wong that is an indication of stigma against in society. Therefore, the author observes that because of such prejudices against, it was hard for girls such as her to acquire education (Gudykunst 69). This means there was no means of learning a language of overcoming the culture barrier. However, the author narrates her resilience to overcome insurmountable odds of by proving her abilities and talents in divers e fields. The above two authors are similar in the aspect of growing up under a foreign language that did not resemble that of their childhoods. Similarly, both of them made determinations of learning the new languages by overcoming the barriers of family and culture shock as noted in their respective books. However, there differences in terms of gender and the superseding advantages that followed for the writers. For instance, spell Richard Rodriguez found it a little easy in Sacramento, California during his learning period, that was not the case for Jade Snow. She laments that her family treated females as inferior hence there no need to challenge authority if you were a girl. In other words, the writer attempts to highlight the challenges of learning a new language under the coupler of a conservative culture that treats women with contempt. Therefore, while Rodriguez only faces the challenge of distorted childhood in a new place, Jade Snow grapples with gender inequality that is ingrained their first family that started living in San Francisco forwards the eruption of World War Two. Alternatively, there is the issue of the cultural divide that is prevalent in the lives of the two authors in terms of forcing their varying cultural inclinations to those of other nations (Gudykunst 74). Another interesting distinctive feature concerning how the authors learned their two languages and their growth in English entails the sound of the foreign language. For example, according Rodriguez in Hunger of Memory-Aria, the author concurs that the application of varying languages in terms of sounds is paramount in shaping

Critical analysis of an Artifact of popular culture Essay

Critical analysis of an Artifact of hot culture - Essay Exampleviewed, following with examination of two artifacts taken from it as well as identification of the audience for which it was intended finally, the function of the meanings will be explored.The movie Nightcrawler presents a storey which shows that some professionals are willing to sacrifice their ethical principles in order to keep the job. This largely contradicts with the customary perception that practical results often count more that do self improvement, ethics, or other principles (Brummett 195). public speaking of the context of the movie, it would not be an exaggeration to point out that it largely employs different themes from the modern earthly concern when numerous people gained access to various electronic devices and the public is no longer interested in the news unless something extremely horrible is shown. Thus, the influence of technology should be viewed through the prism that it is never tranquil of merely the electronic of mechanical but is also made up of the social uses of electronic or mechanical (Brummett 295). In other words, the context for this text might be read as antiphonal since the plot of the movie is conditi whizzd by the events that have already taken place and shaped the incumbent state of affairs.There are several artifacts that should be analyzed in great detail. On the one hand, there is the camera which is constantly shown in the hands of the important character. Indeed, for the majority of people it is not satisfactory to convey any extraordinary message however, in the context of the movie, as well as the harming of events that it becomes associated with, the ordinary camera becomes and important artifact. The next object on which the story also focuses is the radio that the main character bought. It is quite obvious that the acquisition of the two above mentioned objects was able to mark his career as a nightcrawler. While the camera and the radio a re not usually associated together, they become and important tools that catch the

Working with Leading People Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Working with Leading People - Essay ExampleA few months ago, 63 people applied for the post but only a handful applicants came anywhere near the required standard. Clearly something is non going well. You have been appointed as a HR officer, tasked with improving the standard of recruitment and selection in the company. 1. Prepare a job advertisement for a Marketing motorcoach for Delicious Food. Delicious Foods UK requires a Marketing Manager to spearhead and executive strategies such as planning, market research, promotions, gross sales, advertising and PR for the Organization. Candidate should be able to educate and motivate the sales team. Ideal candidate should have at least five years of experience in the relevant field which demonstrates pro-activity, team management and positive sales results. The Marketing Manager will be answerable for key marketing functions like planning marketing strategies, conducting research, advertising and promotions, public relations. The role also involves managing the productiveness of the marketing team and carrying out period reviews of all the marketing activities. 1. Provide an example of a marketing activity that you have successfully carried out in the recent past. 2. What are some of the typical challenges that you look in marketing? 3. Give an example of a situation where a marketing campaign that you handled was not a success. Give reasons. 4. What would be the first few things that you would do if appointed as the Marketing Manager of Delicious Foods? ... Secondly, the preliminary interview would be more comprehensive so that only the best of the administer move to the main interviews. The third step would be to make sure that two rounds of interviews are conducted by senior Marketing officials who would be able to gauge whether the candidate meets the necessary brief. 3. Discuss the legal, regulatory and respectable considerations in recruitment and selection process. As per the employment legislatio n, an employer is bound to provide certain specific rights to the employee. Therefore, an employer should everlastingly provide the right to equality and a workplace without any discrimination (Williams et al, 2010). This should also be applicable during the recruitment process. In addition, many organizations are also likely to face conflict of interest during the recruitment process because of previous associations. Such conflicts also should be avoided and a fair and equal chance should be given to all the candidates. 4. Evaluate the key factors that are essential for the success of the recruitment and selection processes in organizations. The key factors that are essential for the success of the recruitment and selection process of any organization let in the availability of budget and resources, ensuring that the procedure is carried out with fairness in an ethical manner, detailed process of arriving at job description and role description, comprehensive and evaluative interv iew process and employee friendly hiring process (Hughes and Rog, 2008). In addition, it is also necessary that these processes are carried out in such a manner that everyone gets equal opportunities. 5. one-fourth of interviewers around the world look at candidates pages on social networking websites to gather information on

What is Organizational Psychology Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What is Organizational Psychology Letter - Essay ExampleOrganizational psychology has been in existence since the previous century - since factories began their operations. The owners of these factories aimed at gaining profits, and they did not consider the employees interest and well-being. Psychologists used their knowledge in testing employees in different occupations. Between 1924 and 1932, psychologist Harry Landsberger discovered that employees performed better when they felt that someone else was interest in their nominate, for instance, supervisors in white coats, who carried clipboards, were an inspiration to employees (Cogniphany, 2008). The study of the history of organizational psychology informs us on how far we consecrate come, and the importance of the previous ideas, which can determine the future of organizational psychology.Organizational psychology brought about change in work, after the First World War, the then industrial psychologists were interested in fa tigue and efficiency, and researched on how to design work that would yield maximum profits (Furnham, 2005, p.62). However, the present organizational psychologists argon interested in the well-being of employees, and the effect they have on the organization. In 1960, McGregor differentiated between the assumptions that managers have on employees. Theory X stated that the supervision approach is determined by managers view on human nature. This theory insists that human beings hate working therefore, they must be controlled or punished for organizational goals to be achieved.Therefore, high levels of control would be exercised by managers who support theory X. whilst theory Y insisted on the application of less control, this theory acknowledges that people view work as a natural activity, and therefore, they atomic number 18 committed to work if they are motivated with rewards (Furnham, 2005, p.67). The Hawthorne effect indicated that employees respond positively to change in the w ork

The family has a responsabilittyof socializing children to basic Essay

The family has a responsabilittyof socializing nestlingren to basic understanding of social norm. when that socialinzation fails , the p arnts should be held responsible - Essay modelingB. Support for the statement either personal experience of look intoed material that supports your statement for example For the first several(prenominal) weeks of a childs lives, a child is totally dependent on its caregiver for food, clothing, and shelter. at a time a child reaches 6 weeks of age, the child may be sent to a daycare facility where others may begin attending to these biological involve as well. However, studies have shown that more than biological needs must be met during this crucial developmental period. Partridge, Devine, Hornstein, and Marsh (2001) stated that, Consistent, nurturing, predictable, structured and enriching experiences in a safe and sound environment during early childhood have a positive impact on brain ecesis and function, leading toward more empathetic, responsible, and fully functioning adults (p 1).C. Objections and refutation people do not agree with your learn you must allow the other side room to voice their opinion and then provide research to show why they are incorrect. For example Some parents feel that after a certain age, children are no longer their responsibility. For example, some parents feel that by age 7 or 8 the child can become what is known as a latch key child and be left hand field unsupervised after school for hours. However there are laws to protect young children who are left unattended. According to Latch-key-Kids.org, no child under the age of 12 should be left home unattended and there are many states including Colorado, Delaware, Kansas, Wisconsin, and Wyoming where that law is enforced. Other states such as Washington, Tennessee, South Carolina, compass north Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, and Maryland have laws with mandatory younger ages for leaving children alone.At the time of birth, a ch ild result only be a raw material. He will become a finished devout or a complete human only after the interactions with the environment including family and hostel. In other words, family and society are

Schwarz Leadership Programme at Moog Case Study

Schwarz Leadership Programme at Moog - show window Study ExampleThis section will describe in some detail the query mannerology used for this report. This report utilises both inductive and deductive methodologies for the research. The findings from a deductive woo are more likely to be accepted by the Senior Management, but consideration must be disposed to the appropriateness of the method in context to the research question. Using an inductive approach for this research allows the research to focus on why people be stool in particular way once they obligate undertaken the Schwarz leadership training. For this report a combination of the two will be used, including a mixed method approach as the deductive research will be quicker to complete whilst the inductive approach will allow for analysis and reflection on the data.Moog operates in various locations throughout the world, so in that location will be a cross-sectional study in order to assess if the Schwarz training is comprehend in the same way in Europe and the Americas region. Although this type of study only allows for a guessing in time, the data acquired will enable the comparison of behaviours between the various regions. A key good of using a cross-sectional study for this research as it will enable the assessment of respondents indoors the different regions of the company and not just concentrate on one particular group.This research confused respondents from a focus group and there has been an effort to have a mixture of respondents, some of whom did not actually participate in the questionnaire. This style of group interviewing is particularly desirable, as it is not necessary to have one particular structure to how the group will be facilitated and the session was not intended to shape up overly formal. A lot can be learned through the focus group merging, and also about the participants opinions towards the Schwarz training. This generated a lot of discussion, and can be see n as being information bounteous. It certainly was information rich as the participants came across extremely enthusiastic about the discussion on Schwarz training to the point that the meeting had overrun by thirty minutes. This session allowed the participants to become more empowered and able to comment in their own words and at the same time being stimulated by thoughts and comments of others in the groupA major disadvantage of the focus group meeting is that confidentiality can be a caper between the participants and although I had communicated to the group that what had been said in the session would remain confidential, I was concerned this competency not be shared by the entire group. I would have liked to include participants from the abroad sites however this was not practical to do. Previous situations have shown that the engagement of overseas participants through conference announce is quite limited when focus group meetings are facilitated with overseas participan ts.In terms of research outline Saunders et al., 2007 puts forward the case that strategy can be used for exploratory, descriptive and explanatory research. With this in heed I shall be using a case study and survey, as the survey strategy fits in very well with the deductive approach, and furthermore it is easy to explain and understand for communication purposes, which is particularly definitive as English is not always the first language for many of the people who work at Moog. Therefore for the purposes of this research, a

Research paper summary Carrying capacity Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

succinct Carrying capacity - Research Paper ExampleThe methodology employed is two pronged as mentioned. The science laboratory study was first to be carried out. The study examined various components of the Maculinea arion like its feeding preferences, autumn food custom and growth and the winter period pitch loss. The sample size included a total of 69 caterpillars reared from the onset of their final instars in the late summer to the month of May. In addition, all(prenominal) caterpillar was unbroken in a seven cubic centimeter plastic box that was furnished with a diminished piece of moist sponge.During that period, fresh food was supplied to the specimens after every 2-3 days to ensure that there was a surplus in the food given to them. It is too important to note that caterpillars were categorized into different sets with each set provided with a different food type and composition to enable the accurate determination of the objectives of this study. severally caterpil lar was also weighed weekly to and kept in a clean box with the resultant weight being preserve for each caterpillar.In addition to the variables obtained in the laboratory set up, published materials were also used for the purposes of the number and biomass of the immature stages of M. sabuleti that were available to final instar caterpillars of Maculinea orion. Finally, estimates were carried out from the mean body weight that was obtained 2 days before eclosion. The field study mixed the examination of mortality rates of wild Maculinea arion choose at different densities into Myrmica sabuleti nest. This was measured during a five-year period study on site X.The study involved the introduction of the caterpillars at different stages of the duration with excavations and counting being done. The obtained data was subsequently being recorded to monitor the changes and effects of the different seasons, eating habits and species behavior. As a combination of the two methods and inte gration

Powerful Poetry Essay Example for Free

correctly verse line EssayShall I comp ar thee to a summers day? Thou art more gentle and more temperate. This line is from sonnet 18 and it is one of the best known of William Shakespeares 154 sonnets. William Shakespeare is the man who created splendiferous poesy and he influenced people to create their own. In todays modern day society, whether its widely read or not, poem has the ability to be considerably moving and to truly march people. Poetry is pertinent and provoke in todays society because it distiles a great stray and depth of peoples feelings, it makes the reader connect with the poem, and it has a unique value. Also poetry is second-hand in music because in most hip-hop songs the words rhyme and create a rhyming coup permit. pursue this further, poetry is a really powerful thing and it should be included in todays up-to-date society. Unquestionably, all poems express feelings and emotions that the writer has dealt with throughout their life. Poetry expr esses emotion in a mould that delights the reader in one field and a feeling of sorrow in an separate. No other type of writing has the power or capability to arouse that often emotion other than poetry. e very(prenominal) living creature has feelings, but everything has its own way to express it. One way humans express their deepest feelings is through using their language to write and compose poetry. Reading poetry arouse uphold front through the eyes of the writer and see what they are experiencing. This power rises from within, like the color of a develop which fades and changes as it is developed (Shelley). This quote says that people have the ability to express themselves and that is very beta in life. Poetry can make it easier to step into the shoes of someone else and learn about their personality.Without poetry, people would not be able to express their feelings and emotions and show people their real personality. Also poetry can help people by using it to release t ension or stress that they need to get release of. After a rough day at school, drill some poetry is a secure way to get rid of the tension that is caused from problems such as taking a hard evidence or getting a lot of homework. Poetry helps soothe the mind and gives the mind a respite. Poetry uses the five senses to create a peaceful and pristine photograph using just words.One exercise that uses the five senses is, All overgrown with azure moss and flowers/ So sweet, the sense faints picturing them (Shelley). This quote uses the sense of show because the image is so beautiful that your sense of sight faints. This style of writing can be very calming and comforting when read in a quite environment. Poetry is just like a car wash for the mind and soul it freshens the soul and gives the mind a brand new start. Without poetry, in that respect is one less way to get rid of stress and release tension. In addition to being used as a stress reliever, poetry is used to compose mu sic.Just as in poetry, music overly shares a basic element known as rhythm. In poetry in that location can be many different kinds of rhythm at the same time. Individual lines include weak and stressed syllables which is called a meter. There is also a rhythm between lines when metric patterns are repeated. In music, cadence is the beat of the music and the beats give the music its regular pattern. Poetry and music also display emotion and expression in their amazing works of art. Rap is made up of rhyme, rhythm, beginning rhyme and many other poetic attributes.It is the most alike to poetry, however it is still music. Music without words is poetry, but not in the general state. Without poetry in that location would be no music because they are very similar and one cant live without the other. Another reason why poetry is pertinent is because it is much more entertaining to read compared to reading a book. Furthermore, poems are much more interesting to read instead of reading a long, boring book. Book plots and characters can be remembered for a particular(a) period of time but poetry is one of the only forms of literary language that can be memorized.In the world of poetry, all of the rules that are applied to writing books are ignored and a chip of art is created that is completely unique. Poetry is such a short form of writing that the reader can think about the poem for hours without having their nose buried in a book. Poetry uses three ideas that are important to the text mindful imagery, emotions, and language. Without these three things, poems would not have descriptions that use the five senses to create an image and people would lose interest in reading it. On the other hand, some people see that poetry is contradictory and this is why they are wrong.Some people might say that poetry is irrelevant and it is a waste of time. They might say that poetry is irrelevant because they believe it is boring to read and there is more people writing po etry than there is appreciating it. Poetry is relevant because it is much shorter and easier to read compared to reading a book. Poetry is very exciting to read because it expresses the feelings of the writer and puts the reader in the writers shoes. Poetry is enjoyable to read if you can understand and comprehend what is happening in the poem.Reading poetry is a surrogate form of reading and it is read by many people. Therefore, poetry is relevant and important in todays society and should be respected more. In short, poetry is very relevant in todays fast-paced, technological society for many reasons. Poetry is a way to let people express their emotions and show what their personality is like. Reading poetry is a salutary method to turn off stress and can relax the brain when it is overloaded with too many problems. Also poetry is a way to create a rhythm and there would be no music without poetry.Lastly poetry is much more entertaining to read compared to reading a long, boring book. Poetry is an aberration because it is much better than the standard. If poetry was never taught again in schools we would most importantly lose a full of life language from our past. Poetry is only as relevant as the message of the poem, depending on how well it has been written. working Cited Shelley, Percy Bysshe. Ode to the West Wind. Mcdougal Littell Literature. Evanston Mcdougal Littell, 2008. 850-52. Print. Shelley, Percy Bysshe. A Defense of Poetry. Mcdougal Littell Literature. Evanston Mcdougal Littell, 2008. 857. Print.

Understand The Role Of The Social Care Worker Essay Example for Free

determine The Role Of The Social Cargon Worker Essay1.1 A working(a) relationship is different from a individualised relationship. In a working relationship thither are set boundaries which can neer be crossed and must remain professional person at all times. You do not get by personal information about yourself or your family. You should al flairs treat everyone equally regardless of your personal opinions and never force your opinions onto anyone, follow your works policies and procedures at all times.A personal relationship is the opposite you feignt waste policy and procedures to follow, a personal relationship is much more relaxed and you show apiece other affection tell each other private liaisons, you share personal information standardized mobile numbers with family and relay links they excessively sleep together your address. There are no risk assessments or business awe plans to complete.1.2 There are lots of different roles which lead to lots of differ ent working relationships. These can differ greatly, when speaking to deal workers or other support workers is professional it is a lot less positive than when you speak with a manager, or a doctor that comes to visit a dish up user the substance you address them is much more formal, again when renovation users family or friends visit it is much more wanton but you should always be professional.Understand the grandness of working in ways that are concord with the employer2.1 It is important to hold to the scope of the strain role because when an employee first starts working they have agreed to adhere to it, and it is a legal responsibility to stay within your job role. This creates a good and effective working surround. By being accountable for your own actions and being respectful of others job roles it restrains an effective working environment to work in.2.2 Agreed ways of working means following policies and procedures, following individual care plans accordingly, thi s go out also include riskassessments that are in place and following any codes of conduct. An agreed way of working is working to the standard that was agreed at the beginning of the employer contract. This enables you to work effectively and aids to protect and care for the service users.2.3 The importance of full and up to date agreed ways of working is the first thing that is put into place before anyone is put into a social care environment. You have a job description which you should read fully. It means that you agree to follow the agreed ways of working to the policies and procedure standards you should also know that you have the skills and experience to be able to do that job. It is very important to keep up to date with service users care plans and risk assessments also company policies and procedures. Without up to date information the rubber and well being of the service users are put at risk and you could be breaking the law. If there were no agreed ways of working put in place it would be impossible to know what was expected of the individual and make it more severe to care for the vulnerable in our care.Understand the importance of working in partnership with others3.1 Working in partnership with others can help you with tasks that would be difficult to do on your own. This could be another colleague helping to make checks on medication and book them in. Other people you can benefit from working in a partnership could be the families of service users, doctors, nurses, occupational therapists, social workers, care workers, advocates, and other health care workers and professionals. These people could help with information that go out help you to do your job better by supporting you with any problems you might have, for instance if you have a problem communicating with a service user, by talking to their family or a friend and working together can help you by making suggestions of methods of communication for the service user, or yet commun icating with the service user themselves to help to wee a solution. With help from others it will make it easier to reach a level of work that you aim for, this makes it possible to care for service users as fully as possible.3.2 You can improve partnership working by attending training sessions, and by clear-sighted your roles and responsibilities, and everyone knowing the policies and procedures. It is also a good thing to have good communication between everyone involved. This can make working much easier and efficient. Another way could be by giving honest and unbiased information and opinions to people you work with, this will help to build a bond of trust, and would encourage them to act in the same manner towards you. By doing this it can help provide the best possible care for the service user.3.3 Try to handle conflict situations by remaining calm, ending the conflict before it starts to escalate and gets worse. take a breather respectful of others be open minded dont be judgemental. There may be times when this is not possible and the following are required. Avoid rising challenges or suggestions you are incorrect. necessitate colleagues to listen to you and respect your opinions, but you should be respectful to theirs too. If there is conflict with a colleague and you cannot clear it then you need to speak to your manager. Always be professional and use your listening skills acknowledge what they are saying by nodding your head, repeat what the other person has said to you, this shows that you are listening to them and not ignoring them which could make matters worse, and show understanding. You should ask your manager for support and guidance if you need it. You should not let your personal feelings affect your professional manner or judgement. This is important as remaining calm can very much defuse a conflict situation.3.4 You can access support and advice about the partnership working to help resolve conflicts from either colleagues, manage r, and other social care bodies. The advice is invaluable because of their experience and knowledge in whirl ways and methods when dealing with conflicts or partnership working. The manager could help you with the legal side of things and offer professional solutions to conflicts with higher bodies, such as social services or outside agencies. Anytime you have a concern regarding partnership working speaking to any of the above will help to resolve the conflict.

Financial Analysis of Sainsbury PLC Essay Example for Free

fiscal Analysis of Sainsbury PLC EssayThis bailiwick leave alone focus upon the fiscal military operation everywhere a two course period of a FTSE ampere-second come with. It will guessk to ascertain how well the follow has performed by scrutinizing lucrativeness, liquidity, efficiency, ge atomic number 18d wheel dimensions and working ceiling. In access to the aforementioned points, it will dwell upon economic factors to discuss the impact they chip in had upon the performance of the business.The FTSE 100 started in the year of 1984 and was compositiond upon the 100 commodiousst companies on the London Stock Exchange, and it is seen as an emblematic index number for the strength of the British deliverance (iforex, trading slit). FTSE 100 companies represent about 81% of the foodstuff jacketisation of the London Stock Exchange (Nationwide Building Society, glossary section). inwardly it lies a substantive contribution to the UK economy and the economic p ower of these smasheds mean they would have a fairly large ripple pith upon the populations economy should thither financial performance reach a state of discontentment.Subject fede balancen and historyThe subject familiarity for this report will be J Sainsbury Plc which was founded in 1869 by keister Sainsbury and his wife, Mary Ann Sainsbury in London (Sainsbury Plc, history section).The arrangement has proven to be one of the UKs close eminent super grocery stores. Some of its remarkable aspects include launching TU clothing in 2004, launching Try Something crude To sidereal daytime in 2005 to promote healthy eating, and becoming the worlds largest fairtrade retail merchant in the year 2010 (it is understand that almost one in every four pounds spent on fairtrade products is at Sainsbury), in 2012 the organization became the proud sponsor to the Paralympic games (this will be diligently examined later in the report to see what effect, if any it has had upon the cal ler-ups revenue) (Sainsbury Plc, history section).In an industry predominantly owned by Tesco (a mart character of 29.9% as of January 2012 gibe to BBC Business News), Sainsbury has had to work hard to stay in competition. Its persistency has been a key component to its contrivance in the industry and early(a) hypothesiss to which Sainsbury has embarked upon, namely, its banking venture (a 50/50 venture with Lloyds TSB) which commenced trading on the 19th day of February 1997 (Sainsbury slang plc).The mansion lost its position as market leader in the year of 1995 to its rival Tesco and subsequently dropped to third in market share by and by ASDA experienced a 5% rise in loot (BBC, Business News section). As at March 31 2012, Sainsburys has a total number of 440 convenience stores and 572 supermarkets which is currently overdue to change magnitude (Sainsbury, Store Portfolio section). The question is, how ofttimes has its involutionary policy suffered its profits whilst maintaining equilibrium with costs?ProfitabilityWithin this report, diligent focus will be shown to the financial year of 2010 and the final year of 2011 as the positivity, liquidity, efficiency, gearing balances and working chief city is examined. The profit from disposal of properties in 2010 was 27m and 108m in 2011 which shows a dramatic appreciation in profit when compared. Moreover, the guild likewise showed an change magnitude in combined profit from 585m in 2010 to 640m in 2011 (Sainsbury, Income rehearsal 2011 section). This shows that the companys overall performance has improved over the course of 12 months by 9.4%. more thanover to the aforesaid points, the greater percentage of revenue was get alongd from the sale of products and services, standing in at 22,943m in 2011 (Sainsbury, Income contention 2011 section). This shows an plus in product purchases and an increase in market share (an increase of 16.1%, Telegraph, September 2011) leadership to more gross revenue, demonstrating that the firms schema has worked for the financial year when compared to the sales of 2010 of 21,421m (Sainsbury, Income Statement 2010 section).Return on Capital Employed can be defined as follows Return on capital employed is a bloodamental measure of business performance as it compares the operating profit with the total capital used to generate that profit. (Black, 2009, p.212). For Sainsbury, this figure was 11% in the financial year of 2010 and 11.1% in the year of 2011 (Sainsbury, yearly answer for 2011 section). Such a minor change doesnt manifest a huge ground level of progress. In the annual report for 2011 p4, the company does appoint an account for this and state that festering was lower than the antecedent year due to the cumulative effect of its accelerated deckment in seat growth which started June 2009.The company alike holds seventh place for volume market share in the clothing industry and instanter has clothing sales development faster than food, 17% to be exact with year on-year growth (Sainsbury, annual wrap up 2011 section). Celebrity fashion word-painting, Gok Wan has been a huge support in inciting growth of the TU puzzle out by launching a clothing range at Sainsbury in 2011 which has been the main source of sales boost. (gok wan, Sainsbury TU section).In addition to the appreciation of sales, the cost of sales rose from 19,964m in 2010 to 21,102m in 2011. Prominent add factors towards the rise in costs are the variation in Fiscal policy (Sainsburys, Directors report 2011 section) which increase the rate of VAT from 17.5% to 20% on the 4th day of January 2011 (HM Revenue and Customs, 2011) along with the increase of the companys workforce due to its addition of 1.5 million square feet of space from 2011-2012 (The Independent, word section).As the profitability of the organization is scrutinized, it is important tolook deeper into what has resulted in an increase in profit from the year 2010 to 2011. From an economic perspective, the Bank of Englands Monetary Policy Committee (hereinafter referred to as MPC) changed the discount rate to 0.5% on the 5th day of March 2009, positively influencing public spending and reducing the cost of borrowing (Bank of England, 2009). The concept upon the reduction in the cost of borrowing is that more customers have resorted to using credit to fund their purchases (According to a study conducted by Visa Vanquis, consumer spending on credit increased by 3% in September 2011 when compared with statistics for 2010).It is unsounded that the variation eluded to above has been of support to the company in its financial borrowing, enabling it to fund its expansion referred to in the above dissever. The downside is that it has had a fundamental impact upon its banking venture namely, profits attained are not what they could be if the discount rate was higher, notwithstanding the fact that, the bank reported a 9% increase in profits in 2011 (T his is money, news section) possibly due to the abovestated research on consumer spending. A higher base rate would mean higher priced loans leading to greater profits accrued (other factors being equal).Taking into devotion the above-mentioned point, the company had the opportunity to utilize the reduced interest rate in support of its expansion and other purchases to aid the loss of profit (due to low interest rates) from the sales of loans and credit cards. In rebuke of the 0.5% base rate set by the MPC, Sainsburys Chief Executive stated it was the wrong stopping point to reduce it, the small businesses that supply Sainsbury were struggling to borrow and this of course had a substantial ripple effect upon the companys financial performance (Daily Telegraph, news section). This gives a throw indication that the profit put in for 2011 could of been higher without the economic discontentment. It gives some direction to why the cost of sales were high due to the acquire price o f products from smaller businesses to which supply Sainsbury.Having analyzed the profitability of Sainsbury, its within good reason to compare this selective information with that of its main competition, namely, Tesco for which happens to be a pivotal comparison due to them standing within similar suit in terms of business models and future company goals. Tesco UK gained 56,910m in sales for the financial year 2010 and maxim an increase for year 2011 with sales in at 60,931m (Tesco, yearbook Report 2011 section). There is a substantial difference in sales, however Tesco have 3,054 UK stores in comparison to Sainsburys combined 1,012 stores, in addition it has the greater market share (Tesco, storefinder section).Tescos Return on Capital Employed for 2010 stood at 12.1% and 12.9% for the financial year 2011 (Tesco, Annual Report 2011 section) and according to the directors report the company has set itself a target to evolution this to 14.6% by 2014/15. This, together with its sales exhibits better performance than that of Sainsbury and epitomizes the comprehension to why the company holds the greatest share of the market. It shows clarity that Tesco did better with capital than that of Sainsbury, however Sainsbury used a large amount on expansion which the results of will be shown at a later date.LiquidityWith liquidity being the second focal point, it is necessary to look at the credit facilities available to the organization in question. Sainsbury has overall debt and credit facilities of 3 billion at its disposal, the principle element of Sainsburys core financing comprises of two semipermanent loans of 1,069m due 2018 and 840m due 2031, secured over property assets (Sainsbury Annual Report 2011). Further to the previous stated loans, the company has unsecured debt of 180m and 50m due between 2012 and 2015 along with 190m of convertible bonds due July 2014 (Sainsbury Annual Report 2011).The Current proportionality for Sainsbury in the financial yea r of 2010 was 0.64 and 0.58 in the financial year 2011. A Current Ratio may be defined as a measure of an organizations ability to pay its shortterm debts, ideally it should stand in at 21 (Atrill McAllen, 2008). The ratio for 2010 indicates that the company would be in a better position at paying off its obligations if they were due at that point in time. even due to the ratio for some(prenominal) years being under 1, it shows the company is not in a good position. ironically however, having ascertained the available credit to the organization, this states otherwise.In comparison to its competition, Tesco had a current ratio of 0.73 in the financial year 2010 and 0.65 in the financial year 2011. This is somewhat similar with Sainsbury as there is merely a gap of .2 in difference. Both companies figures look worrying, however the ability to turn source into cash is another focal point to which will be later scrutinized.Having revisited the companys eternal rest sheet, its Net debt stood at 1,549m in 2010 and 1,814m in 2011 (an increase of 265m). This difference quintessentially indicates that the company has been expanding over the course of a year. In the firms annual report for 2011 it shows the increment was due to rapid estate development (the addition of new Sainsbury Convenience stores) which was to an incontrovertible extent funded by the sale of leasebacks and advanced working capital (Sainsbury Annual Report 2011, p5).The appreciation in debt manifests the fact that Sainsbury hanst cleared its existing debt, yet only continued to borrow more. Astonishingly however, the amount borrowed has been put to positive use in funding the expansion of the organizations convenience stores. According to the Independent in March earlier this year, the company grew its market share of the convenience store market in 2011 with sales up 20% following the col of 15 new stores.Further to the above-mentioned points, the company pursued further borrowing to enhanc e its profitability by expanding (proven to be a remunerative venture), enabling the firm to pay back its source of funding when required to do so. The idea of this long-term investment is that Sainsbury will gain a larger market share (forcing other little competitive companies to abdicate there share of the market) and increased profits both short and long-term.In criticism of the technique, the company should take into consideration the unforeseen changes in the market, namely guide for its products and services and of course future economic changes. How does it justify itself financially should there be a drop in inquire? The epitome lies with XL Airways, according to BBC News in 2008, the company hit financial discontentment after failing to secure further funding (up until that point it was in the process of expanding) due to unanticipated changes in the economy.EfficiencyWith regard to the organizations efficiency, it is difficult to ascertain the overall enduringness of performance without conducting in-depth research as it can be fairly arduous to gather enough data from ratio analysis. However, the businesss average inventory disturbance (calculated by sales divided by inventories, Agyei-Boapeah, 2012) for the financial year 2010 was 30.5 (Sainsburys Income Statement 2010, p16), compared with 28.2 for the financial year 2011 (Sainsburys Income Statement 2011, p18) shows a tokenish difference.The figures imply a poorer performance from the company in 2011, yet sales had subsequently increased in that year, furthermore, it was part of the organizations goals to increment the sale of non food products which gives an account for the less frequent switching of inventories (Sainsburys Income Statement 2011, p2 Sainsburys Annual Report 2011, notes 16).In assure to gain a greater interpretation of the companys efficiency its necessary to look at other ratios. Asset turnover (calculated by revenue divided by total assets, Agyei-Boapeah, 2012) for the financial year 2010 was 1.83 and 1.85 for the financial year 2011 (Sainsbury assort Income Statement 2011, p1). The higher the figure, the better. Having scrutinized these figures, it is clear to see a frail inclination in sales generated from assets for 2011. Although, the company has only seen a small contribution of profit accrued from the sale of assets. This may be understood by reviewing the firms growth policy once again and recalling that they have spent more on expanding and accumulating assets than selling assets (Sainsbury Annual Report 2011, p5).A comprehension of the above-mentioned points give clarity that the companys management have conducted there duties efficiently. The prominence lies within sales performance and the ever growing multitude of stores to which the firm has within its ownership. The increased space exhibits a positive rate of expansion (15.9% according to Sainsbury Income Statement 2011, p2), furthermore, only a small percentage in change on the sa le of assets and alower inventory replacement.Further to the aforesaid point referring to replacement of inventories, it could be interpreted that as the firm sees a continuity of expansion, more goods are purchased through economies of scale (greater coatd orders at lower prices, import less reordering) as is it the case that the company is introducing further non food products, namely televisions which arent everyday purchases. further of course it is likely to be the last mentioned having previously identified company intentions (Sainsbury Annual Report 2011, p2). ultimately it is prudent to take the ratios and compare them with that of Tesco. In the financial year of 2010, 20.8 was Tescos inventory turnover ratio and 19.2 in the financial year of 2011 (Tesco Annual Report 2011, p94). Again these figures represent an even poorer performance, but Tesco as do Sainsbury, sell a number of non food-products, 22% of sales are non-food products and the company is the UKs largest non -food retailer (Tescopoly.org, Our Business section).Asset turnover for Tesco in the financial year of 2010 was 1.56 and 3.18 for the financial year 2011 (Tesco Annual Report 2011, p106). This shows some disparity in business efficiency and shows the company performed better in the year of 2011 when compared with 2010 and it also performed much better than Sainsbury (however it is mandatory to consider the companys goals in comparison to that of Sainsbury).Asset disturbance comparison of Sainsbury with Tesco.Gearing RatiosThe gearing ratios (Long-term liabilities) for Sainsbury on the 20th day of March 2010 were 32.86 compared with 30.79 on the 19th day of March 2011 (Telegraph shares, p1). This implies the companys rate of borrowing to fund its activities was higher in the year of 2010 and as a result of the increase in profit for 2011 as eluded to above, activities were self-funded more often.The ratios referred to in the above paragraph doesnt have the greatest of difference, me aning there was still a substantial amount funded by borrowed funds in 2011. A contribution to the high rate of borrowing is carefully examined by look at the Office of National Statistics for 2010 and 2011.According to the Office of National Statistics, Consumer Price Index (hereinafter referred to as CPI) in the 12 months up to September 2010 saw a 5.2% increase in alcohol and tobacco products, a 5.1% increase in food and non-alcoholic beverages, 4.4% increase in communication and a 2.5% increase in other goods and services, including give notice (Office of National Statistics 2010/2011 Report, p1). Such increases may have caused customers to abstain from certain purchases or make less frequent purchases, this as a ripple effect would significantly impact upon the organizations functioning.Ironically however, in 2011 CPI was at 5.2% in September, compared with 3.1% in September 2010 (Office of National Statistics 2011 Report, p1). A significant increase would anticipant further borrowing, yet this isnt the case due to above-mentioned facts in this report. Sainsburys strategy to invest in expanding has given support to its profits for 2011 and enabled the business to reinvest these into its activities. This therefore negates the argument/concern over economic impact upon trading for 2011 and shows a return on investment when compared to company sales and profits with an amalgamated comparison of 2010/2011 financial performance (Sainsbury Income Statement 2011, p1-p5).Working Capital ManagementMoving on to the final focal point in this report, working capital. This is the measure of both a companys efficiency and its short-term financial health (Agyei-bopeah, 2012). The working capital of the organization has seen a substantial increase in the financial year of 2011. The firms working capital increased by 78m for 2011, which it states was in general due to increased inventories which is 110m higher than that at March 20th 2010 (Sainsbury Annual Report 2011, p1).An examination of ratios will help to ascertain the effectiveness of the firms working capital management, however it appeared difficult to derive this information from Tesco due to discrepancies to way in which data was laid out. Working Capital to Sales ratio can be calculated by taking working capital and dividing it by sales X 100 (Agyei-Bopeah, 2012). In the financial year of 2010 this figure was 1.5.7 and 1.2.8 for 2011. This manifests a less appreciated rate of performance for the year 2011, however the company did introduce a substantial number of non-food products.The company successfully managed to make cost savings of 50m in the year 2011 (Sainsbury Interim Results 2011, p1). In an argument against this successful business practice, is it estimable for the company to pay farmers the minimal amount per gallon of milk to keep its customer wants satisfied? Herein lies a problematic issue to which the organization faces in its ever growing liking to reduce costs. As a result it has led to pragmatism in critics of the firms fairtrade leaf blade image and to what extent it coincides with the image.British farmers are forced to pay the price of supermarket price wars (The guardian, Saturday 2 July 2011, p48). With much(prenominal) concern over how much the firm should be saving on costs to attain a better position with working capital, it fails to take into consideration its ethos on fairtrade. It transpires to be the case that in order to make huge savings to support its growth in working capital, the company must continuously force its suppliers to drive the price of their products down as other factors change (cost of production, economic variations, energy/fuel prices and the cost of raw materials).On a more positive note, the company has managed to increase its working capital from the financial year of 2010 to 2011, this indicates positive changes in its business activity and demonstrates that it has good working capital management. As a re sult of the increase, 12m in debt was paid off in the year of 2011. Yet as this section happens to coincide with efficiency, it epitomizes the effectiveness of the company strategy for 2011.ConclusionSainsbury has set itself a fair number of targets to which are laid out in the company annual report for 2011. One being to increase space growth of 15% in two years set in the year of 2009 (Sainsbury Annual Report 2011, p1).The company exceeded this target percentage by .9% (Sainsbury Annual Report 2011, p1) which indicates its able to meet its targets, yet it also indicates more capital was spent on expanding and possibly more than it intended.As eluded to in the above sections, Sainsburys decision to rapidly expand has proven to be a remunerative venture and shown a slight increase in company profits for short-term comparisons between the financial years 2010 and 2011 where sales have grown by 9.4% (Sainsburys Income Statement 2011, p1). Such developments in the business will only gi ve adequate comparisons after a greater interval enabling the researcher to comprehend as to how much the accelerated growth has had on the firm.In addition to the companys growth in size it saw a huge appreciation in demand for its clothing punctuate, TU. It is understood that since fashion icon Gok Wan introduced a range of clothing, sales saw a growth of 17% as a year on year comparison for 2011 (Sainsburys Media, Latest Stories, p1). It is likely that this will continue to grow and complement the companys expansion.Further to the above points, the liquidity ratios of the company are poor at this point in time which is due to accelerated growth (therefore negates the argument of poor performance). However when the firm finishes its expansion it is highly likely that the ratio will improve which is subject to no further large projects. Further to information ascertained from the company Annual Report of 2011, the company should be capable of repaying its loans as of there due dat es thanks to its increased number of stores accumulating further profit.In addition to aforementioned points in the beginning of the conclusion, Sainsburys have five focus areas, great food at fair prices, accelerating the growth of complementary non-food ranges and services, attain more customers through additional channels and growing supermarket space (Sainsburys Annual Report 2011, p3). Having already acknowledged the prosperity of its space growth, this also happens to coincide with its focus on reaching customers through additional channels as 37 new convenience stores were opened in the latter part of 2010 to the beginning of 2011 (Sainsburys Media, Latest Stores section).Since analyzing the company gearing ratios and how much it has in long-term debts, it is clear to see it could be a perilous problem for Sainsbury. The firm has made an audacious decision to invest in expanding in the hope for substantial returns in the not to distant future, yet this is not guaranteed inco me. If demand falls for the companys products and services or there is a problem to which later impacts upon its brand image (the company is disproved to be a fairtrade retailer for example) the firm may find itself being liquidated if it is uneffective to repay the loans.Points eluded to in the above paragraph are a matter of deep concern to the organization and from research administered it doesnt transpire to be the case that the firm has a contingency plan to support them with potential depreciation in demand. A contingency plan and in addition, a contingency fund is something to which Sainsbury should take into the highest of consideration should one not have already been devised (yet it is unlikely this would be the case). It will be of support to the firm in planning for unforeseen changes.ReferencesIn this report the following sources were dwelled upon for guidance in ascertaining facts, extracting data and for the purpose of comparison.BooksAtrill, P., McAllen, E. (2008) A ccounting and Finance For Non-Specialists. Sixth edition. Prentice Hall. Harlow.Datta, S. (2011) Economics, Making sense of the modern economy. ordinal edition. Profile Books. London N, Gregory Mankiw. (2001) Principles of Economics. Second Edition. Harcourt College Publishers.ImagesJames Blake (2012) Sainsbury Supermarket. image online obtainable at http// www.jbiwebdesign.co.uk/website-marketing/7-marketing-tips-we-can-learn-from-sainsburys Accessed 12 December 2012.Lecture NotesAgyei-Boapeah, H (2012). Financial Statement Analysis 2. Lecture notes distributed in the topic BMAIE001AZ2012/3 Managing Finance. Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool on 02 November 2012. Agyei-Boapeah, H (2012). Working Capital Management 1. Lecture notes distributed in the topic BMAIE001AZ2012/3 Managing Finance. Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool on 09 November 2012. Agyei-Boapeah, H (2012). Working Capital Management 2. Lecture notes distributed in the topic BMAIE001AZ2012/3 Managing Finance. Live rpool Hope University, Liverpool on 16 November 2012.WebsitesBBC News (2004) Sainsbury Loses Out To Rivals. ONLINE Available at http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/ hi/business/3682544.stm Accessed 24 October 2012.BBC News (2012) Tesco trade Share Dips Below 30%. ONLINE Available at http// www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-16817254 Accessed 18 October 2012. BBC News (2008) Thousands Stranded By XL Collapse. ONLINE Available at http// news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7611639.stm Accessed 21 October 2012. Bank Of England (2009) Statistical Interactive Database prescribed Bank Rate History. ONLINE Available at http//www.bankofengland.co.uk/boeapps/iadb/Repo.asp Accessed 19 October2012.Guardian (2011) British Farmers Forced To Pay The live Of Supermarket Price Wars. ONLINE Available at http//www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/jul/02/british-farmers-supermarketprice-wars Accessed 23 October 2012. Gokwan (2011) Sainsbury Collection Press . ONLINE Available at http//www.gokwan.com/ goks-video-blog/sainsbury-collecti on-press-launch/ Accessed 23 October 2012. iforex (2012) FTSE 100. ONLINE Available at http//www.iforex.com/ftse-100 Accessed 18 October 2012.Independent (2012) Small Store Openings Boost Sainsburys Profits. ONLINE Available at http// www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/small-store-openings-boost-sainsburysprofits-7579664.html Accessed 20 October 2012. J Sainsbury (2012) About Us, Store Portfolio. ONLINE Available at http//www.jsainsbury.co.uk/about-us/store-portfolio/ Accessed 25 October 2012. J Sainsbury (2011) Annual Report 2011. ONLINE Available at http//annualreport2011.jsainsbury.co.uk/downloads/pdf/sainsburys_ar11_note_26_notes_to_the_cash_flow_statements.pdf Accessed 18 October 2012.J Sainsbury (2011) Financial Statements, Annual Report, Balance Sheet. ONLINE Available at http//annualreport2011.j-sainsbury.co.uk/financialstatements/balancesheets.shtml Accessed 18 October 2012.J Sainsbury (2011) Financial Statements, Annual Report, Cashflow. ONLINE Available at http// an nualreport2011.j-sainsbury.co.uk/financialstatements/cashflow.shtml Accessed 18 October 2012.J Sainsbury (2011) Financial Statements, Financial Review. ONLINE Available

The text the color purple Essay Example for Free

The textual matter the color purple EssayThe text The Color Purple, in both the un employ by Alice Walker and the word picture adaptation say by Steven Spielberg, turn in Celies, a broken, mistreated girl, developing into an independent, strong woman, despite the physical, emotion and sexual disgust that she faces finishedout her life. Each representation of the text take on a different approach as to how it portrays Celies search for self through her relationships with other characters-particularly Nettie and Shug-, her belief in immortal, her struggle for independence and turn on against the oppression Albert forces on her. The novel tends to be much confronting while the harshness of the mistreatment is softened in the film by the placid music, comical elements and the fact that physical violence is hardly seen. though the film and novel vary significantly and utilize different techniques to express the general ideas, both look the major themes of racism, antheral dominance and family relationships. The novel tells the story through Celies garner, and therefore the reader knows nothing more than what Celie writes.This strong, single rase of view makes the story much more personal and the effect of her innocent, frank language make the injustices she is say through even more stirring. The book uses Celies short, blunt sentences to convey her fear and turmoil, opening with a candid confronting sentence you better never tell nobody but God. Itd kill your mammy. Celie scrapes as a scared, confused girl with nothing in the world but her faith in God and her love for her tenderer sister, Nettie.The film, however, begins with direct contrasts to this, with the two sisters laughing and playing clapping games in a splendiferous field of purple, Celies pregnancy not revealed until she steps out to meet Pa in which the fairy bid music stops abruptly. The film used this lighter opening to soften the impact of the rape and to verbalize her innoc ence and youth, as well as immediately show the closeness she shares with Nettie. Celie grew up with no self-formed suasion of herself, believing the negative comments that others spoke of her Celie you got the ugliest smile this side of creation.The years of abuse made her groveling and silent, never speaking up for herself in order to survive. Shots of Celie watching events from behind props, windows or with her face dour down demonstrate the invisible nature that she has developed in the film. As the film had to keep cut time down, Celies life is skipped through. This is done with a clever camera position showing young Celies shadow reading, her voice gradually getting deeper and her reading more fluent, the shadow changing to the figure of a woman.Recurring snapshots of the letterbox in various conditions as well as the use of dates aid the films quicker advancement through the plot. Gaps left in the story by these skips in time are filled in with a voiceover. The novel ill ustrates Celies fear of males through word choice and blunt statements, as well as Celies husband being referred to as simply Mr. _____ for a significant part of the book , whereas the film used visual techniques such as lighting and camera angles. Many low angle camera shots of Albert or Pa enclosed by shadows or looking down upon the females give the impression of dominance.Close-ups highlighting the recipe of fear on Celies face or at sinister intentions of the male characters at the start of the film compared to the close ups of Celie as a confident woman after she found her identity show the change that she has undergone. This change in Celie occurs with the introduction of Shug and Sofia into her life. The two contrasting women are both strong and save and teach Celie that women do not have to be ruled by men. Celies main influence is Shug, who is love by Albert as well as Celie, whose attachment to Shug is depicted through her primary role in the story of Celies life.Shug p lays an extremely imperative part in Celies search for self by being the affectionate, support person that Celie always needed. Most importantly, she teaches Celie to love herself and be happy with whom she is as a person. Shug opens Celies mind by removing other peoples influence on her belief in God, explaining that not being tied to what God looks like frees us. The turning point in both the book and the novel is when Celie discovers that Albert has hidden Netties letters from her for all these years.Her love of Nettie, who she believes to be the only one to ever love me had helped her to stay strong through the years and endure Alberts abuse. When she sets that he had been keeping Nettie from her, her rage breaks her fear of him and gives her the courage to leave the business firm and move to Memphis with Shug. Albert summarizes what he believes to be her weaknesses when he says You black, you poor, you ugly, you a woman. Goddamn you nothing at all. Celies retribution by cur sing him with everything you even think about is going to fail until you do right by me shows just how far she has come already.Alberts insult poses a challenge for Celie. She goes out to find gratification and become self-sufficient, despite Alberts condemnation. The novel looks at the progress that Celie makes with her sewing of pants. This is symbolic of the protest against secretion against women and is a major part of Celies search for self. The film however skips through this, instead concentrate on the symbolism of the purple field in Celies happiest moments-her childhood with Nettie, her walk with Shug after she returns space a successful woman and her reuniting with Nettie at the very end.The conclusion of the novel seemed to be much more rounded, with all the strings of the past woven neatly into a final letter in which she addresses ripe God. Dear stars, dear trees, dear sky, dear peoples. Dear everything. Dear God. In this letter we find out that Nettie and her husb and, Olivia, Adam and Adams wife have returned home from Africa. Celie and Nettie now have their own house, after determination out the truth about their Pa, Shug as come back to Celie, Sofia and Harpo are once again happy together and Celie has forgiven Albert for the past, now valuing him as a friend.It is this connection that eventually brings them together as friends. Though the film and novel vary significantly and utilize different techniques to express the general ideas, both explore the major themes of abuse, oppression, male dominance and family relationships. The central character, Celie, finds her identity through the help of those she loves and her personal strength to rent the past and move on with the future.

Plastics Essay Example for Free

Plastics EssayFrom the mid-1980s onwards, pliant groundworks became common for carrying routine groceries from the store to vehicles and homes throughout the develop world. As charge plate bags change magnitudely replaced publisher bags, and as other malleable materials and products replaced glass, metal, stone, timber and other materials, a packaging materials war erupted, with tractile shopping bags at the center of super frequentized disputes. Although few peer-reviewed studies or government surveys sport provided trys for global moldable bag purpose, environmental activists estimate that mingled with 500 billion and 1 trillion plastic bags are practise all(prenominal) socio-economic class worldwide. Plastic has replaced the traditional material (paper/cloth etc) as packing and carry bags because of cost and convenience which is perchance a wrong choice of material for such use. Even though plastic bags can relieve food and can be used for growing vegetabl es in a controlled environment, their method of disposition has creates peculiar pollution problem. Plastic has many more(prenominal) uses other than Plastic Bags and Packing material. It is used for manufacturing of protective covers and separate for many machines, which should be the preferred utility for plastic. More than a 100 million tones of plastic is produced world-wide each year.Though plastics have opened the way for a plethora of new inventions and devices it has also ended up clogging the drains and becoming a health hazard. Many countries, including India, are trying to increase the amount of plastic that is recycled. But commercial interests create hindrance for effective legislation to remove plastics from goods where they can threaten public health. Also there is a clear trend of shipping off the plastic waste of developed countries to under develop and developing countries. India imported 7,841. 8 metric tonnes of plastic waste from the US in the first half of 1 994.India is the fourth highest Asian importer of plastic waste behind Hong Kong, Philippines,Indonesia. Environmental pollution caused by routinely used polythene packaging materials it would be prudent, for the present, to use eco-friendly paper packaging. The manufacturers of plastic packaging standardized soft drink bottles/mineral water bottles etc must come forward and develop appropriate methods of disposal/own responsibility for disposal. Plastic bags were found to constitute a significant portion of the floating nautical debris in the waters around southern Chile in a study conducted between 2002 and 2005.If washed out to sea, plastic bags can be carried long distances by ocean currents, and can drop dead marine animals or, if ingested, cause them to starve to death. 8 Numerous deaths among animals such as sea turtles and dolphins have been attributed to the ingestion of plastic marine litter, which includes plastic bags. Littering is often a serious problem in developin g countries, where trash array infrastructure is less developed than in wealthier nations. The relatively limited adoption of modern biodegradable plastic bags means that many older landfills are filled with gravid, persistent deposits of non-degrading bags.It is, however, possible that in the future these deposits could be mined and reprocessed to replace dwindling raw material resources. In recent multiplication due to widespread awareness drive by NGOS and government and to lesser extent by educational institutions has resulted in increasing the consciousness among few shopkeepers they have shifted back to the old system of wrapping up goods in paper bags or newspapers, Some tribe are slowly getting habituated to going to the market with cloth bags. anyhow a few NGOs, even school students have come forward to take up a promotion campaign for the use of paper or cloth bags. Each year, as industry produces more and more nonessential products individually and excessively package d, we throw away more and more trash. To a large extent, our garbage problem is a result of a corporate ethic that puts profits before people and the environment. Industry is pushing disposability because it pays. Plastic razors can provided be used a few times before disposal, then more must be bought, making the plastic and razor industries rich and happy.Appliances intentional to become obsolete guarantee youll have to buy new ones next year. Over 84 part (by weight) of municipal solid waste could be reused, recycled or composted instead of being buried or burned. An excommunication is plastic, which comprises about 7 percent by weight or 20 percent by book of account of municipal solid waste. Due to technical and financial limitations, less than ten percent of plastic is before long recycled. Furthermore, plastic recycling only defers the plastic disposal problem, since most plastic items can only be manufactured from virgin plastic.Recycled polystyrene foam (also cognis e by the brand name Styrofoam) can be used to build marine docks but not to make a new polystyrene foam cup. New plastic will have to be produced from non-renewable oil stocks to make those cups, and eventually all the plastic will have to be disposed of. Last February 21, 2011, the province of Albay, spearheaded by Gov. Joey Sarte Salceda became the first in the Bicol region to ban the use of plastic bags.Provincial order No. 011 3, which is also known as the Anti Plastic Ordinance of the Province of Albay, prohibits the use of plastic bags on dry goods and regulating the use on wet goods and prohibiting the use of Styrofoam and other synthetic materials harmful to the environment. The ordinance, signed into law by the governor and lauded by the members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan is expected to overthrow the use of plastics bag by any means. As cited in Section 2 of the ordinance, the law is for the conformity of all business establishments, groceries, department stores, supermarkets, chain retailers and sari-sari stores in the province.Likewise, utilization of alternative packaging materials such as woven native bags (bayong), reusable cloth, shopping bags (katsa), paper bags and other similar materials is encouraged. It is also a known fact that many of those plastic bags that shop owners used to pack their merchandise often ended up in streets. The hazards plastic pose for the province are numerous. Albay being a favorite spot of intrinsic disasters is at risk with the threats of excessive use of plastic products. Also, the province gets littered by plastic bag garbage presenting an ugly and unhygienic seen.The soil fertility deteriorates as plastic bags form part of muck up remains on the soil for years. This new ordinance should be taken sincerely because this not only speaks for the lives at stake but for the environment of the next generations as well. Large food chains equal McDonalds, Jollibee and others should start to ban Styrofoam pack ages among their products. Large supermarkets should take the initiatives and act upon the given law and use alternatives to pack the barter for of their customers.They should also convince customers to bring their own reusable bags when they go shopping. Educational programs anchored to the ordinance should also be created to be able to grasp the students awareness about this law. They should be educated as early as in primary years that they may become fully aware of it. Massive campaigns like house-to-house information drive, barangay seminars and other promotions using quad media will be helpful in the realization of the law. Furthermore, environmental awareness of each individual should be encouraged as well.

Project management of a company Essay Example for Free

digest guidance of a caller EssayWith the sure rapid development of various trade. boodleet controversy becomes more and more fierce. Hence, a specific billet protrude is crucial to help a c fitted successfully achieve goals and become competitive. The aim of this report is to prep atomic bet 18 a business plan for a business. Some parts allow be analysed in detail below which acknowledge a explanation of the business, sales and tradeplaceing strategy and insecurity management plan. A famous interior(a) intentioner, Mark, owns acquire article of article of article of furniture (MF) which is located coun tenseside in Melbourne. The study function of MF is providing customized furniture. There atomic number 18 three options provided to clients by MF buying the exist furniture without any swaps, changing the intention of existing furniture displayed in showrooms, and providing role plans by customers themselves. In the next fiver days, MF plans to dev elop its own ERP system and expand his business to open linkage computer memorys around Victoria. The main marketing principle is that the entire efforts of a political party should be directed towards customers needs. MF is positioned as a high caliber retailer that byes a unique ex variegate proposition. MF sets its business apart from others due to its unique feature of providing customized goods to its customers. Advertising and Promotion excessively undeniable through a variety of channels in order to attract customers.These approaches include the Internet, spic-and-spanspaper, radio, tv set and tradeshows. in any case sales and marketing strategy, put on the line management plan is as well a signifi raiset factor that cannot be neglected. Specific and deliberate risk management plan should be established in order to calumniate the cast out influences on the business development and better achieve business goal and objective. The risk management plan contains the following parts, identifying and recording the effectiveness risks, classifying the identified risks and assessing impacts of risks and developing the risk mitigation strategy for individually risk. Those identified risks are categorized into six groups, including customer risks, supplier risks, staff risks, competitor risks, harvest-home risks and financial risks.2.Description of the product/ utilityMaster Furniture (MF) is a business planned to provide furniture send off and sale services for both individual and companies who have special or unique furniture requirements. Goals of endeavour are to provide high- graphic symbol customized service that is reliable and convenient. Mark, the owner of Master Furniture, also is a famous interior designer and won many relevant international prizes.Mark praised free spirit as his subroutine belief, which also nowadays affects his design. Purposes of establishing this entity are expressing and disseminating his artistic concepts, a s well as exchanging ideas with professors and hobbyists. Customers are on pennant and middle class of society, who have special requirements and enthusiasm for furniture conception are positioned customers. The primary market focuses on special groups, such as the blind, the elder and people who are passionately fond of designing personal furniture. The physical shop locates in the city of Melbourne.Therefore, the tar pick out market areas are the suburbs around Melbourne. The shop includes three showrooms, which divided into bedroom, living room and kitchen. Mark designs all furniture displayed in the shop. There also have one meeting room and one stock room, which store the art works and goods customers ordered. Initially, the major function of MF is providing customized furniture. There are three options provided to customers by MF buying the existing furniture without any changes, changing the design of existing furniture displayed in showrooms, and providing design plans by customers themselves. For the first shoes that customers buy furniture directly from the shop and without any change, MF provides discount in deli actually service if customers do not want to adjourn up by themselves. For the second status that customers want to change the size, color or materials of furniture based on the design of Mark, MF charges superfluous service fee.The extra service fees are based on the change of furniture. For example, MF charge extra 20% of the furniture price for changing color and extra 30% of price for changing size. In this case, MF provides the design drawing directly to customers in the shop or sent to customers by email. After customer avow the design, oddly in size and color accordingly it testament be sent to factory. For the last situation that designs are provided by customers, Mark may provide professional suggestions based on design, such as budget, drawbacks, and safety risks. After the negotiation between Mark and customers, the d esign drawing entrusting send to the factory. MF owns a truck, which is able to provide delivery service to customers. For loyal customers who had transaction records in MF database, can enjoy discount delivery service as well as customers buy furniture directly from shop and do not have any change. On the other hand, customers also can pick up by themselves.All advertisements include leaflets, which displayed the new intentional furniture and price, a phone occur that probable and current customers can call to query the service. For the customers who want to change the design or designed by themselves, MF calls customers once their goods arrived in the shop. The background factory of MF is outsourced to Rojos furniture factory, which is located in the countryside of Melbourne. Once Mark confirms the design drawings and send to factory by email or fax, factory sends an handbill which includes due epoch of production, price, and quantity back to MF. In this period, MF will con firm the price with customers and then response factory. Factory will start to work after receiving the confirmation from MF. After factory completes the account statement and sends goods back to MF, MF will inform customers to decide whether they want to pick up by himself or herself or delivery furniture to home.MF has two full-time receptionists and one part-time driver. When customers step into the MF, the bowel movement desk receptionists, who under hold Marks design concept completely and have excellent communication skills, will communicate with them and introduce products in the showroom to clients. If clients want to design furniture by themselves no proposition completely self-design or partly design, they could make appointments with Mark to discuss. When customers decide to purchase, they need to pay whole amounts for existing products or deposit for new design products.Then receptionists will create account for clients in the MF customer information database, which can help customers get discounts for delivery service in next purchase. On the other hand, receptionists also need to confirm delivery information with customers, such as delivery address, time and payment method. Once clients confirm the delivery, it is the responsibility of receptionists to inform delivery information to the driver. The major responsibilities of driver are delivering and unloading products as well as receipts to customers.After customers signing for confirmation, the last mission of driver is bringing back confirmation of customers to MF. MF offers after-sale services to customers, such as maintenance, consultancy. In the next five years, MF will develop its own Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) system, which includes a website for advertisement Customer blood Management System. Moreover, Mark is planning to expand hisbusiness, which focusing on open Linkage shops around Victoria. In order to attract more clients, membership will be applied in MF system. base on the expanding business, more staff is required for contrasting purpose. There are several kinds of positions will lendable in MF designers, receptionists, salesman, full time delivery drivers, and back officers. Moreover, as a famous designer, Mark will provide videos in shops to show his award-winning art works, and by this flair to disseminate his design concept and let more people know about furniture art.3.Sales and marketing strategy3.1 dress upBased on the goals of MF build company image, gain competitive market share and brush up logistic, productions and operational systems, SWOT analysis applied to in this subsection to analyze expertnesss, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The evaluation of the strategic assist has to be done in order to conduct the SWOT analysis. StrengthIn these recent years in that location is an increase in demand of furniture products that is modern and unique. These classifications make the house of the MF customers to be variant fro m others. And the minimal design is utilise to express a maximum effect of the art use in the furniture the arts used in minimal design mostly will be in the form of visual art and music. The MF has the highly educated workers in the organization. The human resources used in both the outlet shop and the factory are skilled, capable of producing the design requested by the customer. Diversity and ideas is the most important strength of the organization. This innovative idea makes us differ from our competitors. Integrating different ideas into a furniture product, that forms the particular success factors. The furniture market has a big democratic market, where there is always a way to establish our organization and product information through the media. This also forms the strength of our organization. WeaknessThe major part of the weakness lies in the stock control, which is inefficient. There are many cases where the stocks may be outdated. In some cases there may be insufficien t stocks. And at sometimes the stocks would not be available on the time needed, sometime available more than what is needed. Trust, forms the core of the business process. The materials that are supplied by the away organizations at sometimes create a lack of devote in them. As the furniture company is mainly dependent on external organization for the raw materials, lose their trust when the raw material is not good and when it is not supplied the time needed. Master Furniture is known especially for its uniqueness in the product.When there is some situation where the organization has to share the knowledge with the other employees and external organization, the knowledge shared can be misused. These cases the organization has to take the risks. The demand for the traditional structure of the furnitures is decreasing rapidly. On the other hand new innovation and change in this constancy has slow absorption. Till a product is completed the quality of the product cannot be judged. Once the quality of the product fails a new product has to be created and the raw materials used cannot also be reused. As known for producing single furniture a large quantity of raw material has to be invested. Opportunities larger potential is developing in the market sector for designing. As the main part of this business is designing as per requested by the customer, the minimal designs are creating new opportunities for these kind of design patterns in the market. The fight exist can be reduced by outsourcing it to the other countries such as China. There is a large scope in the research and development as the customers are looking forward for the uniqueness in the product they buy. So, research and development capability is high. Hybrid solutions can be achieved by commix and balancing. This can be done using the effective production methods. There is only a very little competition in the designing of the modern furnitures. ThreatsThe major threat to be considered is that the cost of the raw materials, which is always showing upward trend in the rise of the prices. This causes the regular price sport of the products produced. The new ideas or methods that are used in the manufacturing of the product sometimes lead to uncertainties. The innovation in the product cannot be always successful. The MF Company also has to hope with the fast changes and new inventions in the industry. When a new production method is introduced then there willbe a change in the stock control. This will lead to a large fluctuation in stock control.3.2 selling StrategyCustomers are considered as core in any business. The companies manufacture goods according to the needs of its customers. They would resembling to increase their market share by beating their competitors through sales. One should have a proper(ip) business plan to achieve this. The company should know the likes and dislikes of its customers. Based on these factors it can build a business strategy that allow s you to satisfy your customers. The two main marketing principles are The entire efforts of a company should be directed towards customers needs. Profitable sales volume is more important than maximum sales volume. sideMaster furniture is positioned as high quality, moderate price retailer that offers unique customizes goods. As Master furniture provides special services to their customers their goods are positioned at high quality which lean towards higher prices. Their market positioning goals are accomplished through the following Appointing outstanding sales persons in Master furniture retail store who understand the customer needs. Explaining their manufacturing capabilities and uniqueness through demonstrations. To highlight their ability to customize and quality they should provide invitational sales.Unique Selling PropositionA unique selling proposition is what your business stands for. It sets your business apart from others. Instead of attempting to be known for everythin g, businesses with a unique selling proposition stand for something specific, and it becomes what youre known for. Master furniture sets its business apart from others due to its unique feature of providing customized goods to its customers. worth vs. Quality DesignMaster furniture maintains high quality provides appealing customizeddesign according to the customer needs at affordable prices.Advertising and PromotionMaster furniture will use different sources to communicate with their targeted market. Newspaper, local cable, billboards, pamphlets are different sources to attract customers. They use the electronic media to attract customers and explain their concept of customization. Their customers being the middle and high class in the society Master furniture uses radio and television to advertise. Posturing and vehicle writing methods can also be implemented to advertise. Master furniture uses media to advertise. These include InternetNewspaperRadioTelevisionTradeshowsInternet Advertising through the Internet is the best way to advertise these days. Social networking websites like Facebook are used for advertising. This would be the most effective advertising eyepatch for Master furniture.Newspaper Most people in Australia read newspaper. So for that reason Master furniture can use the most popular newspaper to advertise.Radio Radio is also considered as a popular media item. Many people use it for audio entertainment. So Master furniture can also use radio as to advertise.Television Television is the most popular media item. Every person in the country uses television for entertainment. Therefore Master furniture can use television to advertise.Tradeshows The trades how is an excellent tool to stay connected with the market and network potential customers. Aside from sales promotion the trade shows offer you the ability to see your competition. Master furniturewill attend the trade shows held every year and try to attain potential customers.4.Risk mana gement plan4.1Purpose and ObjectivesRisk management plan is to identify and record the potential risks which may threaten the company and also assess identified risks and establishing risk mitigation strategies to mitigate negative impacts on achieving goals and objectives of the business. The purpose of the risk management plan is to describe all aspects of risk management, including 1)Identifying and recording the potential risks2)Classifying the identified risks and assessing impacts of risks 3)Developing the risk mitigation strategy for each risk4)Allocating responsibility4.2 Target AudienceThe target audience of the risk management plan includes all employees of MF company and its customers and the supplier.4.3 Risk strategyIn order to minimize the negative influences on the business development, the risk management procedure is developed by considering both internal and external factors. The necessary steps are risk Identification, risk assessment and risk Mitigation. All iden tified risks are categorized into six groups, including Customer Risks, Supplier Risks, Staff Risks, Competitor Risks, result Risks and Financial Risks. Identified risks are measured in terms of likelihood of occurrence and impacts. By coxcomb the likelihood and impacts, the risk rating is identified to provide the priority of the risks, which would present a better berth for risk management. The detail information is shown in Table 1below.Table 1L=Likelihood 1=Unlikely 2=Possible 3= Very LikelyC=Impact 1= boor 2=Moderate 3= MajorR=Risk Rating L=Low M=Medium E=ExtremeRisk NameRisk DescriptionConsequenceRRisk MitigationResponsibilityACustomer RisksA.1The company highly relies on a small number of major customers Once the larger customers turn to other companies product, then the companys profit will be affected in the short time.The companys profit and cash flow will be affected in a period of time until finding the new customers to yield revenue.22M improving the customer satisfa ction and keeping long-term relationship with valuable customer groups by regularly contacting them and continually providing the superior products and services. Locking the existing customers and make them become larger customers. Expanding the target customer groups and seeking new and profitable customers. commonplace animal trainer Department ManagersSalesmenBSupplier RisksB.1Highly depends on one supplierOnce the existing supplier is not able to provide the products and services or produce the products to the company, then the companys normal operations will be affected.The companys normal operations will be affected because of the shortage of supply.33E seek alternative suppliers who are able to provide the similar products and services to the company. Locking the existing supplier by the long-term peg downs and maintaining the relationship with the supplier regularly. habitual Manager Department ManagersB.2Product delivery delay riskThe suppliers cannot produce the product and deliver products on time.The company will not deliver products for its customers on time and loss repute and credibility.11LSeekingalternative suppliers who are able to provide the similar products and services to the company. Monitoring supply contract regularly and urging products delivery.Department Managers SalesmanCustomer Service ManagerCStaff RisksC.1The staff turnover riskSome employees are critical to the business success, such as they deal with the key supplier and larger customers. The company will be affected by staff turnover.Resulting in disruption of the business operation and hard to find the beguile new staff. The company has to spend both time and money to train the new staff.22MImplementing a unyielding personnel selection mechanism to find the right employees for the company. Allocating more employees to key position and training employees for backup.HR ManagerDepartment ManagersC.2Employee face occupational health and safety(OHS) risksBecause of the nature of the work, the employees, such as vehicle drivers and porters, would maltreat in the particular event.The company will be under the risk of fines or paying for dishonor or death of an employee.11LEstablishing appropriate OHS policies. Regularly maintain vehicles and advocating safe driving.Employees DCompetitor RisksD.1Competitor riskCompetitors will pose a current or potential threat to the business, such as competitors may open the new business close or launch similar products with lower price in the market.The sales and revenue of the company will be affected.12LImproving the relationships with large clients. Investing money in developing new products and services. Protecting smart property assets confidential and proprietary information, such as designs and copyright. Continually monitoring competitors.General Manager powerEProduct RisksE.1Large-scale product recall riskDue to product defect, the company has to recall all sold products.The company will colossal losses in expense of reworking and the sales and reputation of the company will be affected in long term.13MMonitoring the quality of the products and avoid the situation which would damage the companys reputation. Training employees.General ManagerSalesmanCustomer Service ManagerE.2Copyright riskThe companys copyright is violated.The sales and revenue of the company will be affected.13MEstablishing a copyright policy. Protecting intellectual property assets confidential and proprietary information. subscribe a confidential agreement when contracting work out to third parties. Getting copyright consultancy services.General Manager DesignersDepartment ManagersFFinancial RisksF.1Liquidity riskThe company doesnt have enough money to pay its debts.The companys operation will be affected.22MManaging and monitoring cash flow. Carefully making financial decisions.General Manager Finance employeesF.2Credit riskDue to the products and services sold on credit, the customers may be unable to pay the m oney back.Resulting in financial loss.12LChecking customers credit status and signing terms an conditions of trade with customers.Finance employees Salesman5.ConclusionFrom what mentioned above wo can get the conclusion that a business plan which includes several parts, a statement of the business, marketing strategy and risk management plan. Establishing a detailed business plan plays a significant role in operational the business and achieving their goals successfully. When setting a plan, the organization should particularly pay attention to risk management plan which can help the business reduce lossthe risks result and operate in a cool way.